Jung, Winnicott y la psique dividida
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21901/2448-3060/self-2024.vol9.213Palabras clave:
Winnicott, dissociação, Myers, Flournoy, Janet, Psique multiplaResumen
En su revisión de Recuerdos, Sueños, Pensamientos, Winnicott diagnosticó a Jung como sufriendo de una disociación psíquica, y caracterizando el contenido y la structura de la psicología analítica como habiendo sido primariamente moldeada y condicionada por la
propia búsqueda defensiva de Jung de un “self que el pudiese llamar propio”. Este análisis patológico continúa siendo legitimado por escritores Junguianos contemporáneos. En el presente ensayo, intento mostrar que la crítica de Winnicott es fundamentalmente errónea debido a que deriva de un modelo psicoanalítico de la psique, modelo que contempla toda disociación como necesariamente patológica. Argumento que la comprensión de Jung de la psique difiere radicalmente de este modelo, y además, que responde a una clase de modelo disociativo que podemos encontrar en los escritos de Frederic Myers, William James, y Theodor Flournoy. Concluyo que una relación fructífera entre el psicoanálisis y la psicología analítica debe depender del reconocimiento de estas importantes diferencias entre los dos modelos psíquicos.
Palabras clave: Winnicott, disociación, Myers, James, Flournoy, Janet, multiplicidad psíquica
Descargas
Citas
Borch-Jacobsen, M., & Shamdasani, S. (2011). The Freud files: an Inquiry into the history of psychoanalysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511979842
Crabtree, A. (2009). Automatism and secondary centers of consciousness. In Irreducible mind: toward a psychology for the 21st century. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Ellenberger, H. F. (2008). The discovery of the unconscious: the history and evolution of dynamic psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.
Flournoy, T. (2015). From India to the planet Mars: a case of multiple personality with imaginary languages. Princeton: Princeton University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400872831
Fordham, M. (1961). C.G. Jung 26 July 1875 to 6 June 1961. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 34, 167-68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1961.tb00943.x
Haule, J. R. (1983). Archetype and integration: exploring the Janetian roots of analytical psychology. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 28(3), 253-267. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1983.00253.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1983.00253.x
Haule, J. R. (1984). From somnambulism to the archetypes: the French roots of Jung’s split with Freud. The Psychoanalytic Review, 71(4), 635-659. https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.1986.10402690.
Haule, J. R. (1986). Pierre Janet and dissociation: the first transference theory and its origins in hypnosis. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 29(2), 86-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.1986.10402690
James, W. (1892). What psychical research has accomplished. In William James: writings 1878-1899. New York: Library of America.
James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology (Vol. 1). New York: Henry Holt. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/10538-000
Jung, C. G. (1970). On the psychology and pathology of so-called occult phenomena (CW, Vol. 1). Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Trabalho original publicado em 1902). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/10663-001
Jung, C. G. (1972). Psychological factors determining human behaviour (CW, Vol. 8). Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Trabalho original publicado em 1936).
Jung, C. G. (1970). Good and evil in analytical psychology (CW, Vol. 10). Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Trabalho original publicado em 1959).
Jung, C. G. (1987). C.G. Jung speaking: interviews and encounters. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Jung, C. G., & Jaffé, A. (1989). Memories, dreams, reflections. New York: Vintage Books.
Kalsched, D. (2013). Trauma and the soul: a psycho-spiritual approach to human development and its interruption. London: Routledge.
Keeley, J. P. (2001). Subliminal promptings: psychoanalytic theory and the Society for Psychical Research. American Imago, 58(4) 767-791. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/aim.2001.0021
Meredith-Owen, W. (2011a). Winnicott on Jung; destruction, creativity and the unrepressed unconscious. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 56(1), 56-75. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5922.2010.01890.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5922.2010.01890.x
Meredith-Owen, W. (2011b). Jung’s shadow: negation and narcissism of the self. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 56(5), 5, 674-91. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5922.2011.01939.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5922.2011.01939.x
Meredith-Owen, W. (2014). On revisiting the opening chapters of Memories, Dreams, Reflections. In A. Cavalli, L. Hawkins, & M. Stevns (Eds.), Transformations: Jung’s legacy and clinical work today (pp. 22-50). London: Karnac Books.
Meredith-Owen, W. (2015). Winnicott’s invitation to “further games of Jung-analysis”. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 60(1), 12-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5922.12127. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5922.12127
Morey, J. R. (2005). Winnicott’s splitting headache: considering the gap between Jungian and object relations concepts. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 50(3), 333-350. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-8774.2005.00536.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-8774.2005.00536.x
Myers, F. W. H. (1882). Report of the literary committee. Proceedings of the Society of Psychical Research, 1, 116-155.
Myers, F. W. H. (1885). Automatic writing 11. Proceedings of the Society of Psychical Research, 3, 1-63.
Myers, F. W. H. (1888). French experiments in strata of personality. Proceedings of the Society of Psychical Research, 5, 374-97.
Myers, F. W. H. (1891). The subliminal consciousness. Proceedings of the Society of Psychical Research, 7, 298-355.
Myers, F. W. H. (1903a). Human personality and its survival of bodily death (Vol. 1). London: Longmans, Green.
Myers, F. W. H. (1903b). Human personality and its survival of bodily death (Vol. 2). London: Longmans, Green.
Sedgwick, D. (2008). Winnicott’s dream: some reflections on D.W. Winnicott and C.G. Jung. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 53(4), 543-560. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5922.2008.00745.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5922.2008.00745.x
Shamdasani, S. (1993). Automatic writing and the discovery of the unconscious. A Journal of Archetype and Culture, 54, 100-131.
Shamdasani, S. (1994). Introduction: encountering Hélène: Théodore Flournoy and the genesis of subliminal psychology. In From India to the planet Mars: a case of multiple personality with imaginary languages (pp. xi-2). Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Shamdasani, S. (1998). [From Geneva to Zürich: Jung and French Switzerland]. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 43, 115-126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1465-5922.00012
Shamdasani, S. (1999). Memories, dreams, omissions. In P. Bishop (Ed.), Jung in contexts: a reader (pp. 33-50). London: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203360910-2
Shamdasani, S. (2000). Misunderstanding Jung: the afterlife of legends. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 45(3), 459-472. https://doi.org/10.1111/1465-5922.00176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1465-5922.00176
Shamdasani, S. (2002). Psychoanalysis Inc. The Semiotic Review of Books, 13, 6-10.
Shamdasani, S. (2003). Jung and the making of modern psychology: the dream of a science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511490095
Stephenson, C. (2009). Complex. In D. A. Leeming, K. Madden, & S. Marlan (Eds.), Encyclopedia of psychology and religion (pp. 165-168). New York: Springer.
Taylor, E. (1980). William James and C.G. Jung. A Journal of Archetype and Culture, vol. 20, 157-169.
Taylor, E. (1986). C.G. Jung and the Boston psychopathologists In E. Taylor, Carl Jung and soul psychology (pp. 131-144). New York: Haworth Press.
Taylor, E. (1996). The new Jung scholarship. The Psychoanalytic Review, 83(4), 547-568.
Taylor, E. (1998). Jung before Freud, not Freud before Jung: the reception of Jung’s work in American psychoanalytic circles between 1904 and 1909. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 43(1), 97-114. https://doi.org/10.1111/1465-5922.00011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1465-5922.00011
Winnicott, D. W. (1989). Psycho-analytic explorations. Harvard: Harvard University Press.
Winnicott, D. W. (1990). The maturational processes and the facilitating environment. Princeton, NJ: Karnac Books.
Winnicott, D. W. (1992). Review of Jung’s memories, dreams, reflections. In D. W. Winnicott, Carl Gustav Jung: critical assessments. London: Routledge.
Witzig, J. S. (1982). Theodore Flournoy: a friend indeed. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 27(2), 131-148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1982.00131.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1982.00131.x
Wright, P. (1997). History of dissociation in Western psychology. In P. Wright, Broken images broken selves: dissociative narratives in clinical practice. Washington, D.C.: Brunner/Mazel.
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Self - Revista do Instituto Junguiano de São Paulo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
La revista Self adopta la licencia Creative Commons “Atribuição 4.0 Internacional”, clasificada como Licencia de Cultura Libre, que permite la copia y distribución de los trabajos publicados en cualquier medio o formato y permite que otros transformen, hagan adaptaciones o creen obras derivadas para todos los usos, inclusive comerciales, desde que sea dado el debido crédito a la publicación. (Más detalles en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Al enviar trabajos a la revista, los autores aceptan los términos de esta licencia y concuerdan en ceder los derechos autorales del manuscrito para la publicación. Junto con el trabajo, los autores deben enviar el documento de transferencia de derechos autorales debidamente firmado (ver en Directrices para Autores).
